Pleural mesothelioma:
Among the various types of cancer, mesothelioma occupy only a small percentage. However, among the various types of mesothelioma, pleural mesothelioma makes about three to four cases documented. In the fluid between the chest and the mesothelium lining is constructed.

Peritoneal mesothelioma:
Peritoneal Mesothelioma is a rare disease. Approximately 10-20% of documented cases of peritoneal mesothelioma diagnosed with mesothelioma. Types of mesothelioma affects the stomach of the patient. Abdominal mesothelial cells do not function properly in this sickness. The disease is caused by inhaling asbestos fibers through the mouth.

Pericardial Mesothelioma:
The rarest of mesothelioma, pericardial mesothelioma, mesothelial layer that affects the liver. The main symptoms of pericardial mesothelioma are chest pain, shortness of breath, fever, heart palpitations, fatigue and cough. Like all types of mesothelioma, there is no cure for this species doctors nothing I can do is pain and discomfort symptoms and help patients reduce comfortable and quiet death.

The surgeries have for this tumor are the extrapleural Pneumonectomy and pleurectomy and decortication.

The Extrapleural Pneumonectomy or pleuropneumonectomía begins with an opening of the chest through the posterolateral aspect of the 6th rib, which is resected. Then there is a dissection between the parietal pleura and intrathoracic fascia. It is important not to injure the superior and inferior vena cava, subclavian vessels, intrathoracic vessels and recurrent laryngeal nerves.

The diaphragm is removed if committed or is suspected, including conporción of peritoneal serosa. The pericardium is opened anteromedially phrenic nerve to expose the hilar vessels and subcarinal lymph nodes. Tumor and lung were resected, and using certain techniques and materials (patches) to prevent cardiac herniation.

The mortality of surgery was 15% to 20% and 35% morbilidaddel few years ago. With the advent of new materials, techniques and drugs, mortality has been reduced to 8% and 15% morbidity. The most frequent postoperative complications are bleeding, respiratory failure, pneumonia, pulmonary embolism, and empyema. After surgery the average lifespan is 14 to 25 months with this technique.

• Symptomatic treatment including drainage of effusions, chest tube pleurodesis, or thoracoscopic pleurodesis.
• Palliative surgical resection in selected patients.
• Palliative radiotherapy.
• Chemotherapy with a single agent. It has been reported partial response with doxorubicin, epirubicin, mitomycin, cyclophosphamide, cisplatin, carboplatin and ifosfamide.
• Combination chemotherapy (under clinical evaluation).
• Clinical trials of multiple modalities.
• Intracavitary therapy. It is reported that intrapleural or intraperitoneal administration of chemotherapeutic agents (eg.: Cisplatin, mitomycin and cytarabine) produces transient reduction in the size of the tumor mass and temporal control of spills in small clinical studies. Further studies are needed to define the role of intracavitary therapy.

• Photodynamic Therapy: This therapy is based on the instillation of light turned on in the intrapleural space after photosensitive drug administration. This would result in tissue necrosis by the release of oxygen radicals and other chemicals that are cytotoxic. The complications of this therapy are fistulas and esophageal perforations.

The adjuvant chemotherapy should be administered 4-6 weeks after surgery and be continued por4 to 6 cycles. The most commonly used chemotherapeutic agents are doxorubicin (50-90mg/m2) for 4 weeks and mitomycin, who has lung toxicity in 12 mg/m2 for the same amount of time.

Combinations with other drugs increase the effect slightly. However, administering chemotherapy that are not named, has no meaning for the little effect of the same in this pathology.

Studies have shown that administration of chemotherapeutic agents in the pleural space, had better outcome than administered systemically. However, this scheme leaves out the protocol and should be considered better.

Mesothelioma is a very rare type of cancer in which cancer cells invade the mesothelium, the protective cover that covers most of the internal organs.

The mesothelium is composed of two layers of cells: one layer is in contact with the organ, while the second form a bag around. The mesothelium produces a lubricating fluid that allows the two layers to slide over each other allowing the movements of the body covering (eg, lungs). Depending on their position, the mesothelium given a particular name: the one surrounding the lungs is called pleura, which surrounds the heart called pericardium, which surrounds the testicles is called the tunica vaginalis testis and surrounding the uterus is called uterine serous tunic. Most of the abdominal organs are covered by peritoneum

Surgery.

Used three types of surgery in the treatment of mesoepitelioma. Diagnostic surgery to obtain a sample for biopsy is performed by thoracoscopy (*), by laparoscopy or surgery or pleural mediatinoscopia open. Secondly, palliative surgery include partial pleurectomy pleurodesis, thoracoscopy with pleurodesis and more rarely, pleuroperitoneal shunt. The third is curative surgery involving extrapleural pneumonectomy in order to remove most of the tumor. In most centers, surgery is followed by adjuvant therapy. Not all patients are suitable for this procedure, which otherwise has a 6% mortality

Chemotherapy

Although there have been several chemotherapy regimens, none has proven to be curative. The two most useful (to the effect of reducing the tumor mass and improve the symptoms) are cisplatin + pemetrexed + gemcitabine and cistaplatino. In both cases, dexamethasone is recommended to add folic acid supplements and vitamin B12

Radiotherapy

Radiation therapy has been used for many years with disappointing results due to the diffuse nature of the tumor as it may cause radiation pneumonitis. Only one has been found effective when applied locally in the scar area after surgery to avoid the spread of tumor cells remains

Other treatments under investigation include immunotherapy, gene therapy, photodynamic therapy and some anti-angiogenic agents

The most common clinical presentation is diffuse chest pain, which occasionally can be pleuritic or radiating to the shoulder accompanied by pleural effusions. Dyspnea, cough, weakness, malaise and fatigue are usually in advanced stages of the disease. In 89% of cases, the abnormal electrocardiogram abnormalities being more frequent sinus tachycardia (42%), ventricular arrhythmias or headphones (17%) and blockage of a branch bundle (30%)

The most common radiographic finding is an irregular opaque at the periphery of the lung, associated with ipsilateral pleural effusion, with evidence of loss of volume, contraction of the hemithorax committed and no shift of the mediastinum to opposite side, despite significant pleural (*) The diagnosis should be suspected when it is pleural thickening surrounding the lung trapping and fixing the mediastinum.

Mesothelium is a membranous sac located around the vital organs such as the abdomen, lungs and heart. The liner also helps indirectly the functioning of these bodies too. Asbestos particles, after entering and settling in the layers of mesothelium, the cause abnormal cell function resulting in cancerous tumors. In most cases of mesothelioma, cancer occurs only after decades of exposure to asbestos. This prolonged latency period of altering the diagnosis and timely treatment and limits the prospect of complete cure.

Lung cancer and mesothelioma lung are completely different types of cancers that affect the inside of the ex-lung while the second inhibits its protective lining called mesothelioma. The result of the disease is so far not too happy and many of the death occurs within 24 months after diagnosis. Like all cancers, mesothelioma is also divided into four categories depending on its severity. Many patients were successfully treated through the timely detection, but in most cases detection only occurs too late to hope.

Exposure to asbestos is the villain in the case. The mineral silicates was considered a wonder material past because of its multifaceted properties such as resistance to heat and shock, the ability to resist chemical reactions, etc. and has been used to manufacture a wide range of products such as insulation products, building materials, etc. But workers who have inhaled toxic air containing asbestos have suffered and are suffering from erecting harmful exposure to asbestos.

Therefore, efforts are currently enough to adopt precautionary measures to prevent future infection and also to provide relief for those already affected as compensation for mesothelioma. In addition, scientists working hard to find more effective treatments mesothelioma lung, which may be provided by existing therapies to date.

Benign Mesothelioma:
The benign form of mesothelioma is commonly develops in the pleura. This is the only form of mesothelioma which healing and recovery is favorable.

Testicular Mesothelioma:
This is the rarest type of malignant mesothelioma, to date, there have been fewer than 100 reported cases. Testicular mesothelioma develops in the tunica vaginalis of the testes.

Peritoneal Mesothelioma:
This is one that develops in the tissue of the abdominal cavity, known as the peritoneal membrane. Approximately 30% of mesotheliomas are present in patients of this type.

Pericardium Mesothelioma:
This type of mesothelioma develops in the heart tissue, known as the pericardium.

Pleural Mesothelioma:
This type of mesothelioma develops in the tissue of the lungs, known as the pleura. It is the most common form of malignant mesothelioma, about 80 percent of cases are pleural in origin.