Primary peritoneal mesothelioma is a rare malignancy that is related to previous exposure to asbestos, with an increased risk proportional to the duration and intensity of exposure. It is a tumor arising from serial surfaces: pleura 70%, peritoneum 25%, pericardium, 10% and testis. Peritoneal localization is associated in about half of cases with effusion. In recent years there has been an increasing number of cases, the highest incidence is between 50 and 70. The lag time is twenty to forty years, depending on time of exposure to asbestos fiber type and concentration and size. He also described a relationship with prior radiation therapy. We present a case of a patient with peritoneal mesothelioma, pleural unaffected, was a man of 66, who had transported asbestos (hydraulic brakes) twenty years earlier. The presenting complaint was abdominal pain and bloating. On ultrasound showed a fluid collection and as cites in small amounts. The suspected diagnosis was made on CT scan and confirmed after aspiration and laparotomy. Before beginning treatment the patient died of renal failure.
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